Note - these data are an inadvertent copy of another metadata record - but because they have a dataset DOI they cannot be deleted. For the "master" copy of the dataset, see the metadata record at: https://data.aad.gov.au/metadata/records/SIPEX_II_Underway_Snowfall Matlab file containing raw data snowfall data collected aboard the RV Aurora Australis using Campbell Scientific dataloggers. Two Wenglor brand YHO3NCT8 photoelectric sensors were mounted on the forward railing of the ship's "monkey deck". The beam heights of the sensors were 18cm above the upper railing, oriented parallel to the railing (perpendicular to the long-axis of the ship), approximately 6m apart. The port sensor was purchased in 2012, from a batch of these sensors manufactured in a new Eastern European factory while the starboard sensor came from a lot purchased in 2007, manufactured in Wenglor's German factory and extensively tested for use in snow. Pulse counts measured by the port sensor were consistently lower in magnitude than those recorded during the same interval by the starboard sensor. It is not currently clear whether this was due to the ship's tendency to be oriented with the wind to starboard, or whether this is due to differences in instrument characteristics. Data recorded between 17/9/2012 and 26/10/2012 was logged by a CR10x datalogger. Data recorded after 26/10/2012 was logged by a CR1000 datalogger. Information on converting the pulse-count data into a mass flux of snow is contained in Leonard, K.C. and R.I. Cullather (2008) Snowfall measurements in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas, Antarctica. Proceedings of the Eastern Snow Conference, 65, 87- 98. These two datasets are identical, but have been separated into two matlab structures contained in the same "shipsnow.mat" file: "snow" and "snow2". Data contained in these structures includes the following variables, with units: Datenm: matlab 'datenumber'. Change to conventional format using the "datevec()" command Port: beam interruptions per 10s interval, port-side sensor Stbd: beam interruptions per 10s interval, starboard-side sensor Ptemp: temperature of a thermistor mounted beneath the datalogger's wiring panel. The datalogger was contained in a fiberglass box, strapped into the starboard side observation shelter on the monkey deck. Volt: voltage received and transmitted by the datalogger. Power came from a 12v 1Ah converter plugged into the ship's power supply.

Note - these data should be used with caution. The chief investigator for the dataset has indicated that a better quality dataset exists, but the AADC have been unable to attain it for archive. Matlab file containing raw data snowfall data collected aboard the RV Aurora Australis using Campbell Scientific dataloggers. Two Wenglor brand YHO3NCT8 photoelectric sensors were mounted on the forward railing of the ship's "monkey deck". The beam heights of the sensors were 18cm above the upper railing, oriented parallel to the railing (perpendicular to the long-axis of the ship), approximately 6m apart. The port sensor was purchased in 2012, from a batch of these sensors manufactured in a new Eastern European factory while the starboard sensor came from a lot purchased in 2007, manufactured in Wenglor's German factory and extensively tested for use in snow. Pulse counts measured by the port sensor were consistently lower in magnitude than those recorded during the same interval by the starboard sensor. It is not currently clear whether this was due to the ship's tendency to be oriented with the wind to starboard, or whether this is due to differences in instrument characteristics. Data recorded between 17/9/2012 and 26/10/2012 was logged by a CR10x datalogger. Data recorded after 26/10/2012 was logged by a CR1000 datalogger. Information on converting the pulse-count data into a mass flux of snow is contained in Leonard, K.C. and R.I. Cullather (2008) Snowfall measurements in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas, Antarctica. Proceedings of the Eastern Snow Conference, 65, 87 - 98. These two datasets are identical, but have been separated into two matlab structures contained in the same "shipsnow.mat" file: "snow" and "snow2". Data contained in these structures includes the following variables, with units: Datenm: matlab 'datenumber'. Change to conventional format using the "datevec()" command Port: beam interruptions per 10s interval, port-side sensor Stbd: beam interruptions per 10s interval, starboard-side sensor Ptemp: temperature of a thermistor mounted beneath the datalogger's wiring panel. The datalogger was contained in a fiberglass box, strapped into the starboard side observation shelter on the monkey deck. Volt: voltage received and transmitted by the datalogger. Power came from a 12v 1Ah converter plugged into the ship's power supply. The data have also been reformatted into two csv files.

Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 291 See the link below for public details on this project. From the abstracts of the referenced papers: Ground surveys of the ice sheet in Wilkes Land, Antarctica, have been made on oversnow traverses operating out of Casey. Data collected include surface elevation, accumulation rate, snow temperature, and physical surveys, the data are mostly restricted to line profiles. In some regions, aerial surveys of surface topology have been made over a grid network. Satellite imagery and remote sensing are two means of extrapolating the results from measurements along lines to an areal presentation. They are also the only source of data over large areas of the continent. Landsat images in the visible and near infra-red wavelengths clearly depict many of the large- and small-scale features of the surface. The intensity of the reflected radiation varies with the aspect and magnitude of the surface slope to reveal the surface topography. The multi-channel nature of the Landsat data are exploited to distinguish between different surface types through their different spectral signatures, e.g. bare ice, glaze, snow, etc. Additional information on surface type can be gained at a coarser scale from other satellite-borne sensors such as the ESMR, SMMR, etc. Textural enhancement of the Landsat images reveals the surface micro-relief. Features in the enhanced images are compared to ground-truth data from the traverse surveys to produce a classification of the surface types across the images and to determine the magnitude of the surface topography and micro-relief observed. The images can then be used to monitor changes over time. Landsat imagery of the Antarctic ice sheet and glaciers exhibit features that move with the ice and others that are fixed in space. Two images covering the same area but acquired at different times are compared to obtain the displacement of features. Where the time lapse is large, the displacement of obvious features can be scaled from photographic prints. When the two images are co-registered finer features and displacements can be resolved to give greater detail. Remote sensing techniques can be used to investigate the dynamics and surface characteristics of the Antarctic ice sheet and its outlet glaciers. This paper describes a methodology developed to map glacial movement velocities from LANDSAT MSS data, together with an assessment of the accuracy achieved. The velocities are derived by using digital image processing to register two temporally separated LANDSAT images of the Denman glacier and Shackleton Ice Shelf region. A derived image map is compared with existing maps of the region to substantiate the measured velocities. The velocity estimates from this study were found to correspond closely with ground-based measurements in the study area.

Note - these data should be used with caution. The chief investigator for the dataset has indicated that a better quality dataset exists, but the AADC have been unable to attain it for archive. Matlab files containing raw data collected using the program "HC2S3snowwind.CR1" running on Campbell Scientific CR1000 dataloggers. Datalogger "C" was used during all ice stations. On the 8th of October a second mast and logger ("A") were installed on what became the final day of Ice Station 4, and both loggers were deployed at stations 6 and 7, with "C" containing the longer records for each station as it was always installed first and (conditions permitting) left out longer. The sensors on these masts consist of: RM Young "Wind Sentry" Vane and Anemometer set (on top of each mast), no serial numbers Rotronics HC2S3 temperature and relative humidity sensors with standard polyethylene filters Upper sensor, mast "C": s/n 60837541 Lower sensor, mast "C": s/n 60837536 Upper sensor, mast "A": s/n 60837468 Lower sensor, mast "A": s/n 60834204 RM Young "Wind Sentry" anemometers (without vane) at 3 additional elevations on each mast Wenglor YHO3NCT8 photoelectric sensors at 4 heights on each mast. The upper sensor and the third sensor from the top were oriented facing up, while the others faced down. The upper three sensors were purchased in 2012, from a batch of these sensors manufactured in a new Eastern European factory while the lowest sensor on each mast came from a lot purchased in 2007, manufactured in Wenglor's German factory and extensively tested for use in snow. Data contained in these .mat files includes the following variables, with units: Textdates: CSI formatted dates, UTC except for station 2, which was (accidentally) UTC+12 Datenm: Matlab "datenumber", all UTC except for station 2, which is also UTC+12 hours. Battvolt: battery voltage Wptemp: temperature of the Wiring Panel thermister, degrees C Temp 1: air temperature above approximately 50cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, degrees C RH1: relative humidity (WRT water) above approximately 50cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, % Temp 2: air temperature above approximately 200cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, degrees C RH2: relative humidity (WRT water) above 197cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, % Snow1: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 10cm Snow2: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 50cm Snow3: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 100cm Snow4: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 200cm Wind1: average speed (m/s) at approximately 250cm during 10s interval Wind1max: maximum speed at approximately 250cm during 10s interval Wind2: average speed (m/s) at approximately 100cm during 10s interval Wind2max: maximum speed at approximately 100cm during 10s interval Wind3: average speed (m/s) at approximately 120cm during 10s interval Wind3max: maximum speed at approximately 120cm during 10s interval Wind4: average speed (m/s) at approximately 50cm during 10s interval Wind4max: maximum speed at approximately 50cm during 10s interval WindDir: wind direction at approximately 250cm, degrees, relative to mast orientation (needs correction to true) Measurement heights varied by ice station and by mast being used.

This document describes the deployment of five Ice Mass Balance Buoys (IMBs) and two automatic weather stations. These were primarily deployed on floes 2012103 and 20121029, as well as on helicopter flights (refer to buoy metadata for these). IMBs are labelled WHOI-1 to WHOI-6. WHOI-1 was not deployed and WHOI-3 and WHOI-5 failed and were recovered. TAS-2 was exchanged for WHOI-1 Deployments (successful): TAS-2 deployed on helo flight 20 km from ship WHOI-4 deployed on helo flight 20 km from ship WHOI-6 Deployed next to AWS-1 on ice station 1013 on 11/04 WHOI-2 Deployed next to AWS-2 on ice station 1029 on 11/01 Each AWS record air temp, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, total incident short wave, snow depth, GPS position and snow particles near ground level and at about 1m height. AWS-1 deployed on 1013 AWS-2 deployed on 1029 IMBs record GPS position and temperature in air,snow,ice, and ocean. Sensors also have a heating mode that permit determination of media they are embedded in so that snow and ice thickness can be determined. REFER TO MAKSYM LOGBOOK SCANS FOR MORE DETAILS

NOTE - to access these data, please contact the AADC. The data can only be made available on request. This record provides a listing of meteorological data collected in the Australian Antarctic Territory by members of the Australian Antarctic program (and it's predecessors) and the Bureau of Meteorology. The data have been obtained by manual observations and by automatic weather stations. All data are available from the Bureau of Meteorology, and are considered to be the authoritative source of weather data in the Australian Antarctic Territory (as they have been quality checked). Raw data directly from the automatic weather stations at the stations is available at https://data.aad.gov.au/aws. The data available here includes: - Automatic Weather Station data from 7 sites - Casey, Davis, Macquarie Island, Mawson, Wilkins, Davis Whoop Whoop, and Casey Skiway South. Data resolution varies, but is approximately every 30 minutes. - Daily weather data from 48 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational. - Synoptic weather data from 53 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational. - Terrestrial soil data from 4 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational. - Upper air data from 5 sites. Note - not all of these sites are still operational. - High resolution, 1 minute automatic weather station data from 7 sites - Casey, Davis, Macquarie Island, Mawson, Wilkins, Davis Whoop Whoop, and Casey Skiway South. - Daily and Synoptic data from a number of decommissioned sites. Site details of 24 sites. For full site listings, seeing the file for station details within each dataset ("HM01X_StnDet"). Meteorology data from Wilkes Station, Antarctica 1960 - 1968 - data collected include: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; wet bulb; dew point), air pressure, wind (direction,speed and maximum gust; run (greater than 3 m)), phenomena, sunshine, cloud. Meteorology data from Casey Station (current) (300017), Antarctica 1989 ongoing, surface measurements - location 66.2792 S, 110.5356 E, with a barometric height of 42.3m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb), air pressure, wind (direction;speed), humidity, rainfall, sunshine, cloud, visibility. An AWS is now in operation at Casey station. Meteorology data from Davis Station (300000), Antarctica 1957 ongoing, surface measurements - location 68.5772 S, 77.9725 E, with a station height of 16.0m and a barometric height of 22.3m. - location 66.2792 S, 110.5356 E, with a barometric height of 42.3m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; terrestrial minimum, soil temperature), air pressure, wind (direction, speed; run), rainfall, sunshine, cloud, humidity, visibility. An AWS is now in operation at Davis station. Meteorology data from Mawson Station (300001), Antarctica 1954 ongoing, surface measurements - location 67.6014 S, 62.8731 E, with a station height of 9.9m and a barometric height of 16.0m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb), air pressure, wind (direction,speed), humidity, cloud, rainfall, sunshine. An AWS is now in operation at Mawson station. Meteorology data from Macquarie Island Station (300004), 1948 ongoing, surface measurements - location 54.4997 S, 158.9522 E, with a station height of 6.0m, a barometric height of 8.3m and an aerodrome height of 6.0m. Data collected include the following: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; wet bulb; terrestrial minimum; soil 10cm,20cm,50cm,100cm), air pressure, wind (direction; speed; run), rainfall, sunshine, cloud, visibility, humidity, sea state, radiation. An AWS is now in operation at Macquarie Island station. Meteorology data from Heard Island (Atlas Cove) Station (300005), first installed 1948 - location 53.02 S, 73.39 E, with a station height of 3.0m, and a barometric height of 3.5m. Data collected include the following: temperature, air pressure, rainfall. Meteorology data from Heard Island (The Spit) Station (300028), installed 1992 - location 53.1069 S, 73.7211 E, with a station height of 12.0m and a barometric height of 12.5m. Data collected include the following: temperature (air and minimum terrestrial), air pressure, humidity, wind direction, sunshine, cloud. Meteorology data from Casey Station (current) (300017), Antarctica 1989 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 66.2792 S, 110.5356 E, with a barometric height of 42.3m. Data collected include the following: upper atmospheric temperature (via a radiosonde), upper atmospheric wind (using a wind find radar). Meteorology data from Davis Station (300000), Antarctica 1957 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 68.5772 S, 77.9725 E, with a station height of 16.0m and a barometric height of 22.3m. Data collected include the following: upper atmospheric temperature (using radiosonde), upper atmosphere wind (using wind find radar). Meteorology data from Mawson Station (300001), Antarctica 1954 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 67.6014 S, 62.8731 E, with a station height of 9.9m and a barometric height of 16.0m. Data collected include the following: upper atmosphere temperature and wind (using sounding processor and GPS). Meteorology data from Macquarie Island Station (300004), 1948 ongoing, upper atmosphere measurements - location 54.4997 S, 158.9522 E, with a station height of 6.0m, a barometric height of 8.3m and an aerodrome height of 6.0m. Data collected include the following: upper atmosphere temperature and wind (collected using wind find radar and radiosondes). Meteorology data from Knuckey Peaks Station (300009), 1975 - 1984 - location 67.8 S, 53.5 E. Meteorology data from Heard Island (Atlas Cove) Station (300005), first installed 1948, upper atmosphere measurements - location 53.02 S, 73.39 E, with a station height of 3.0m, and a barometric height of 3.5m. Data recorded include: upper atmosphere temperature, upper atmosphere wind. Meteorology data from Mount King Satellite of Mawson Station (300010), Antarctica, 1975 - 1984 - location 67.1 S, 52.5 E, with a station height of 112.5m. Data recorded include: temperature (dry bulb), air pressure, humidity, visibility, and some upper atmosphere measurements. Meteorology data from Lanyon Junction Station (300011), Antarctica 1983 to 1987 - location 66.3 S, 110.8667 E, with a station height of 470.0m. Observational records include: humidity charts, thermograph charts, pilot balloon flights, and surface observations. Meteorology data from Haupt Nunatak (Casey) Automatic Weather Station (site 300012), installed 1994 - located at 66.5819 S, 110.6939 E near Casey station, with a station height of 81.4m and a barometer height of 83.4m. Data recorded include: barometric pressure, wind direction, speed and gust, and air temperature. Meteorology data from Depot Peak site (300013), Antarctica, installed 1990 - location 69.05 S, 164.6 E, and has a station height of 1600 m. Instruments at the site include: barometer, cup anemometer and humicap (temperature and humidity). Meteorology data from Edgeworth David (Bunger Hills) Station (300014), Antarctica, 1986 to 1989 - location 66.25 S, 100.6036 E, with a station height of 6.0m and a barometric height of 7.0m. Meteorology data from Law Base Station (300015),Antarctica, 1989 - 1992 - location 69.4167 S, 76.5 E, with a station height of 77.0m. Meteorology data from Dovers Station (300016), Antarctica, 1988 to 1992 - located at 70.2333 S, 65.85 E, with a station height of 1058.0m and a barometric height of 1059.0m. Data recorded include: Air pressure, air temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, cloud, visibility and upper atmosphere data. Meteorology data from Balaena Island Automatic Weather Station (300032), installed 1994 - location 66.017 S, 111.0833 E, 22.21 Nm NE of Casey, with a station height of 8.0m and a barometric height of 10m. Data collected from this AWS include: Wind speed and direction, wind gust, air temperature and barometric pressure. Meteorology data from Snyder Rocks Automatic Weather Station (300033), Antarctica, installed 1994 - located at 66.55 S, 107.75 E, with a station height of 40m and a barometric height of 42m. Data collected include: air temperature, barometric pressure, wind speed, direction and gust. Meteorology data from Law Dome Summit South Automatic Weather Station (300034), Antarctica, installed 1995 - location 66.717 S, 112.9333 E, with a station height of 1375.0 m. Data collected include: air pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction. Meteorology data from Casey(old) Station, Antarctica 1969 - 1989. Data collected include: temperature (maximum and minimum; dry bulb; wet bulb; dew point), air pressure, wind (direction,speed and maximum gust; run (greater than 3 m)), phenomena, sunshine, cloud, radiation (global,diffuse).

State of the Environment bibliography, compiled by Ewan McIvor. Contains 51 records. The fields in this dataset are: author year journal title volume pages publisher place of publication copy on file URL keywords