Note - these data should be used with caution. The chief investigator for the dataset has indicated that a better quality dataset exists, but the AADC have been unable to attain it for archive. Matlab files containing raw data collected using the program "HC2S3snowwind.CR1" running on Campbell Scientific CR1000 dataloggers. Datalogger "C" was used during all ice stations. On the 8th of October a second mast and logger ("A") were installed on what became the final day of Ice Station 4, and both loggers were deployed at stations 6 and 7, with "C" containing the longer records for each station as it was always installed first and (conditions permitting) left out longer. The sensors on these masts consist of: RM Young "Wind Sentry" Vane and Anemometer set (on top of each mast), no serial numbers Rotronics HC2S3 temperature and relative humidity sensors with standard polyethylene filters Upper sensor, mast "C": s/n 60837541 Lower sensor, mast "C": s/n 60837536 Upper sensor, mast "A": s/n 60837468 Lower sensor, mast "A": s/n 60834204 RM Young "Wind Sentry" anemometers (without vane) at 3 additional elevations on each mast Wenglor YHO3NCT8 photoelectric sensors at 4 heights on each mast. The upper sensor and the third sensor from the top were oriented facing up, while the others faced down. The upper three sensors were purchased in 2012, from a batch of these sensors manufactured in a new Eastern European factory while the lowest sensor on each mast came from a lot purchased in 2007, manufactured in Wenglor's German factory and extensively tested for use in snow. Data contained in these .mat files includes the following variables, with units: Textdates: CSI formatted dates, UTC except for station 2, which was (accidentally) UTC+12 Datenm: Matlab "datenumber", all UTC except for station 2, which is also UTC+12 hours. Battvolt: battery voltage Wptemp: temperature of the Wiring Panel thermister, degrees C Temp 1: air temperature above approximately 50cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, degrees C RH1: relative humidity (WRT water) above approximately 50cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, % Temp 2: air temperature above approximately 200cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, degrees C RH2: relative humidity (WRT water) above 197cm, ventilated HC2S3 rotronics sensor, % Snow1: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 10cm Snow2: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 50cm Snow3: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 100cm Snow4: snow particles per 10second interval at approximately 200cm Wind1: average speed (m/s) at approximately 250cm during 10s interval Wind1max: maximum speed at approximately 250cm during 10s interval Wind2: average speed (m/s) at approximately 100cm during 10s interval Wind2max: maximum speed at approximately 100cm during 10s interval Wind3: average speed (m/s) at approximately 120cm during 10s interval Wind3max: maximum speed at approximately 120cm during 10s interval Wind4: average speed (m/s) at approximately 50cm during 10s interval Wind4max: maximum speed at approximately 50cm during 10s interval WindDir: wind direction at approximately 250cm, degrees, relative to mast orientation (needs correction to true) Measurement heights varied by ice station and by mast being used.

Publication of these results is currently in progress with the Journal of Animal Ecology. Summary 1.An efficient method of describing change in Antarctic marine ecosystems is long-term monitoring of land-breeding marine predators. High-level predators are used to index the state of environment on the notion that perturbations in the ecosystem will affect their diet, reproductive performance and other demographics. For this purpose, Weddell seals breeding at the Vestfold Hills have been marked and re-sighted for the past 28 years (1973 - 2000). 2.Successful reproduction requires considerable energetic resources. The difference between rates of conception and rates of parturition suggests pregnant females abort reproductive attempts when their energy stores are low. In this way, annual rates of reproduction (i.e. parturition) are a measure of foraging efficiency. 3.Previous attempts to estimate Weddell seal reproduction have been biased by different rates of re-sighting breeding and non-breeding females. We used multistate mark and re-sight models to account for this and other variables when estimating reproductive rate. 4.The amplitude of temporal variation was much greater for reproduction than for survivorship, indicating that parous (breeding) females maximised survival by reproducing less. This strategy could be successful in fluctuating environments because seals live longer and experience more reproductive occasions. 5.The population had low reproductive rates from 1983 to 1985 and throughout the 1990s. In those years, potential recruitment into breeding groups was reduced to 50 - 60 % of the cohort before viable pups were even born. 6.Even in years of low reproductive rate, typically half (52%) of the breeding females produced pups. It seemed that individuals differed in their foraging success and thus body condition and / or their functional response to this. 7.There was no evidence for costs of reproduction. We infer that the seals responded to environmental conditions prior to parturition, as opposed to proceeding with reproduction when inadequately resourced and depleting energy resources such that they had lower probability of surviving or reproducing the following year. 8.Synthesis and applications: This study demonstrates a method of estimating reproductive rate that overcomes bias inherent in traditional methods. Estimated in this way, we propose that reproductive rate is the best indicator of the state of marine ecosystems that can be indexed for Weddell seals. The fields in this dataset are: Year Standard Error Upper confidence interval Lower confidence interval Breeding probability Upper error bar Lower error bar

Ice Stations 1-4 Two Davis weather stations are placed either side of a sea-ice ridge. The closest station to the ship is called 'unit 1', and the further station is 'unit 2'. Each weather station includes an anemometer at 2m, temperature/humidity sensor at 1.6m and solar sensor at 1m. Ice Station 6-8 For the last three stations we assembled the two weather stations onto one mast. This is so we can look at wind profiles and hopefully gain some understanding of wind shear and drag on the ice. Anemometers were set 1m apart at 1m and 2m heights. Temperature/humidity sensors were also set 1m apart. Only one solar sensor was used, at the same height as previous deployments. Additional data information : metadata record 201213001 For convenience, and easy loading of the data into any data processing software, the .csv where pre-processed and variables where stored into new ascii files without extensions. Each ascii file corresponds to a given station and a given mast unit. There are 20 columns, separated by tabs. Content of the files: Column 1 : Day of year [] Column 2 to 7 : Date [YYYY MM DD hh mm ss] Column 8 : Barometric Pressure [hPa] Column 9 : Outside Temperature [C] Column 10 : High Outside Temperature [C] Column 11 : Low Outside Temperature [C] Column 12 : Outside Humidity [%] Column 13 : Dew Point [C] Column 14 : Wind Speed [m/s] Column 15 : High Wind Speed [m/s] Column 16 : Low Wind Speed [m/s] Column 17 : High Wind Direction [degrees with respect to North, e.g. East = 90, South = 180, etc...] Column 18 : Dominant Wind Direction [degrees with respect to North, e.g. East = 90, South = 180, etc...] Column 19 : Solar Radiation [W/m^2] Column 20 : High Solar Radiation [W/m^2] List of raw data files (.csv files): 20120925_IceStation1_Met1.csv 20120925_IceStation1_Met2.csv 20120928_IceStation2_Met1_full.csv 20120928_IceStation2_Met2_full_v2.csv 20121008_IceStation4_Met1.csv 20121008_IceStation4_Met2.csv 20121014_IceStation6_Met1_v2.csv 20121014_IceStation6_Met2.csv 20121019_IceStation7_Met1.csv 20121019_IceStation7_Met2.csv 20121104_station8_Met1_full.csv 20121104_station8_Met2_full.csv List of pre-processed data files (ascii files): 20120925_IceStation1_Met1 20120925_IceStation1_Met2 20120928_IceStation2_Met1_full 20120928_IceStation2_Met2_full_v2 20121008_IceStation4_Met1 20121008_IceStation4_Met2 20121014_IceStation6_Met1_v2 20121014_IceStation6_Met2 20121019_IceStation7_Met1 20121019_IceStation7_Met2 20121104_station8_Met1_full 20121104_station8_Met2_full