During 1977, many measurements were made of the sea temperature and salinity near Mawson base, taking the readings through the sea ice. Readings for each site were taken at depths that were multiples of 5, usually down to 100m (where possible). Measurements are recorded in log books, archived at the Australian Antarctic Division. Logbook(s): Glaciology Sea Ice Temperature and Salinity, Mawson 1977 Book 1 Glaciology Sea Ice Temperature and Salinity, Mawson 1977 Book 2 Glaciology Sea Ice Temperature and Salinity, Mawson 1977 Book 3

This data describe a set of sea-ice and seawater physical and biochemical parameters obtained from seawater samples and ice cores drilled from land fast sea ice in the vicinity of Davis Station, East Antarctica at six different dates (stations 1-6) during late Spring 2016. Stations 1: 16 Nov. 2016 Stations 2: 21 Nov. 2016 Stations 3: 23 Nov. 2016 Stations 4: 26 Nov. 2016 Stations 5: 29 Nov. 2016 Stations 6: 02 Dec. 2016 Parameters measured: - Temperature, salinity; - Iron: Dissolved (less than 0.2um), soluble (less than 0.02um) colloidal (between 0.02 and 0.2um) and Particulate fractions (greater than 0.2um); - Macronutrients: Nitrate (NO3), nitrite (NO2), silicate (Si), phosfate (PO4) and ammonium (NH4); - Chlorophyll-a (Chla); - Particulate Organic Matter: Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Particulate Organic Nitrogen (PON) SW0: seawater collected at the surface SW3: seawater collected at 3m depth SW10: seawater collected at 10m depth

Zooplankton were collected during the winter-spring transition during two cruises of the Aurora Australis: SIPEX in 2007 and SIPEX II in 2012. As part of the collections sea ice cores were collected to describe the ice habitat during the period of zooplankton collections. Ice cores were taken with a 20 cm diameter SIPRE corer and sectioned in the field with an ice core. Temperature was measured in the section using a spike thermometer and slivers of each section were melted without filtered water to record salinity. The remainders of each section were melted at 4oC in filtered seawater and the melted water was used to measure chlorophyll a concentration, and meiofauna species and abundance.

This dataset contains data resulting from the measurement of brine samples extracted from the sea-ice during the 2012 SIPEX 2 (Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystems Experiment) marine science voyage. The Brine was collected from partially drilled holes in the ice using suction. In some of these cases the brine analysed came from holes which correspond to permeability measurements. In these cases a core number is associated with the brine data which will correspond to the core number in the permeability data set. Brine was also made on the ship by repeatedly freezing sea water collected from site 8. Measurements of the electrical permittivity of the brine were measured from 200MHz-4GHz with varying temperature and salinity. The measurements were carried out using the FieldFox portable network analyser from Agilent technologies along with the Agilent 85070e high temperature dielectric probe. Typically the brine was cooled and measured as the temperature changed over time once removed from a freezer. Some samples were measured before and after filtering out any biology that may have been present to see any biological effect on the electrical properties of the brine, in particular any effect extra cellular carbon may have. Measurements of the biology in the brine were performed by Sarah Ugalde please refer to the biophysical folder for further information and the data. The actual permittivity measurements can be found in the Brine_Frequency_Temp Excel file. In the file each set of measurements has its own tab. Each measurement has a temperature and salinity associated with it. For a variability study measurements were repeated on some samples in which case the tab contains the sample name as well as an index indicating which repetition the data corresponds to. For example Core 85 6 would be the 6th measurement for core 85. You will also find the Excel file Brine_Calibration_Record which logs each calibration preformed before each measurement. The calibration for a given brine measurement has the same name as that brine measurement so that they can be matched. The permittivity measurements for each frequency, salinity and temperature are given in the real (e') and imaginary part (e").

This dataset contains routine measurements of snow and ice thickness, and snow-ice interface temperature, at 1m intervals along standard transects; snow property characterisation in snow pits measured at 0m, 50m and 100m along the transects; and sea ice cores acquired at various locations both along the transects and elsewhere on ice station floes during the 2012 SIPEX 2 marine science voyage. Ice temperature information is acquired from the cores, which are taken on-board for further analysis. The latter includes thin-section analysis of sea-ice stratigraphy and crystallography at -20C within the freezer lab on-board the ship. The cores are then cut up into 5cm sections and melted for analysis of salinity and stable oxygen isotopes. Observation items: Snow: - Thickness - Temperature profile (every 3 cm) - Snow-ice interface temperature at 1m intervals along the 100m transects - Grain size - Grain shape - Density - Hardness - Salinity - Stable oxygen isotope Ice: - Thickness - Freeboard - Draft - Temperature - Salinity - Stable oxygen isotope - Crystallography and texture - Density Instruments: Snow: Folding scales, Spatula, Thermometer, Snow sampler, Magnifying glass, Salinometer, Temperature and thickness probes, scales Ice: Drills, corers, ice-thickness tape measures, thermometer, salinometer, band-saw, cross-polarising filter, scales The data are recorded in log books (scanned copies are included in this dataset) and have been transferred into the standard AAD sea-ice database templates (in excel format) for each station.

These data have been extracted from an Australian Antarctic Data Centre application, "Sea ice measurements database". The application has now been discontinued. The download file contains the extracted data, plus a sample data entry form. The extracted data are simply database tables that have been converted to csv format. Taken from the main page of the application: This archive contains in-situ measurements of Antarctic sea ice and snow cover properties, collected by many national programs over the past several decades. The data include physical, biological and biogeochemical measurements on ice cores and snow pit samples, as well as ice and snow thickness measurements from drilled transects across ice floes. The data are from all regions of the Antarctic pack ice in many different months of the year. Data can be submitted online using a standard proforma that can be downloaded from this site. The development of this site was a key recommendation from the International Workshop on Antarctic Sea Ice Thickness, held in Hobart, Australia in July 2006.

Oceanographic measurements were collected aboard New Zealand’s National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) research vessel RV Tangaroa, cruise ta1302 (i.e. NIWA cruise tan1302), from 3rd February to 13th March 2013, sailing from and returning to Wellington. The cruise commenced with a series of stations at the southern end of CLIVAR/WOCE meridional section SR3, followed by work around and offshore of the former Mertz Glacier ice tongue and the Mertz Depression. A series of stations were then taken along 150E and CLIVAR/WOCE zonal section S4, followed by a series of stations on the Campbell Plateau on the transit back to New Zealand. Details of all programs on the cruise, including lowered ADCP data, carbon sampling, geological coring and grabs, bottom camera footage, multibeam data, Argo float deployments and cruise participants, can be found in the voyage report (“RV Tangaroa Voyage Report, Tan1302 – Mertz Polynya Voyage”, unpublished NIWA report, authored by voyage participants). This report discusses the oceanographic data from CTD operations on the cruise. The original primary aim of the cruise was recovery and redeployment of an array of Australian (ACECRC) and French (LOCEAN) moorings in the Mertz region, along with CTD data collection on the shelf. Sea ice cover prevented access by Tangaroa (for the most part) to the shelf, and to any of the mooring sites, and so a secondary project was undertaken - collecting CTD’s on the slope and in canyons offshore of the sea ice. A total of 86 CTD vertical profile stations were taken on the cruise, most to within 12 metres of the bottom. Over 1400 Niskin bottle water samples were collected for the measurement of salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients (silicate and nitrate+nitrite), dissolved inorganic carbon (i.e. TCO2), alkalinity, and isotopes (oxygen, hydrogen and carbon), using a 24 bottle rosette sampler. Full depth current profiles were collected by an LADCP attached to the CTD package. Meteorological and water property data were collected by the array of ship's underway sensors. The vessel mounted ADCP, rigged to a pole in the ship’s moonpool, was lost on the transit south. This report describes the processing/calibration of the CTD data, and details the data quality.

More than 50 scientists from eight countries conducted the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem eXperiment 2012 (SIPEX-2). The 2012 voyage built on information and observations collected in 2007, by re-visiting the study area at about 100-120 degrees East. This was the culmination of years of preparation for the Australian Antarctic Division and, more specifically, the ACE CRC sea-ice group who lead this international, multi-disciplinary, sea ice voyage to East Antarctica. Work began at the sea-ice edge and penetrated the pack ice towards the coastal land-fast ice. The purpose of SIPEX-2 was to investigate relationships between the physical sea-ice environment, marine biogeochemistry and the structure of Southern Ocean ecosystems. While the scientists and crew did not set foot on Antarctic terra firma, a number of multi-day research stations were set up on suitable sea ice floes, and a range of novel and state-of-the-art instruments were used. These included: A Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to observe and film (with an on-board video camera) krill, and to quantify the distribution and amount of sea ice algae associated with ice floes. An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) to study the three-dimensional under-ice topography of ice floes. Helicopter-borne instruments to measure snow and ice thickness, floe size and sea ice type. Instruments included a scanning laser altimeter, infrared radiometer, microwave radiometer, camera and GPS. Sea ice accelerometer buoys to measure sea ice wave interaction and its effect on floe-size distribution. Customised pumping systems and light-traps to catch krill from below the ice and on the sea floor. Available at the provided URL in this record, is a link to a file containing the locations of all ice stations from this voyage.