Bridge-based observations of the pack ice within 1nm of supply- or research vessels are taken on all Antarctic AAS voyages while the vessel moves. Observations of sea-ice characteristics including ice concentration, ice- and snow thickness, floe-size distribution, surface features and ice type are recorded in IceBox, the underway sea-ice data acquisition tool. The ASPeCt sea-ice cards provide background and training material to support the sea-ice observers. The IceBox data sets are quality screened before they are integrated into the historical climate record for use in process studies, satellite calibration/validation, and operational or policy advise.

The Antarctic Fast Ice Algae Chlorophyll-a (AFIAC) dataset is a compilation of currently available sea ice chlorophyll-a data from land-fast sea ice (i.e., excluding pack ice (see ASPeCt-Bio, Meiners et al. 2012)) cores collected at circum-Antarctic locations during the period 1970 to 2015. Data come from peer-reviewed publications, field-reports, data repositories and direct contributions by field-research teams. During all campaigns the chlorophyll-a concentration (in micrograms per litre) was measured from melted ice-core sections, using standard procedures, e.g., by melting the ice at less than 5 degrees C in the dark; filtering samples onto glassfibre filters; and fluorometric analysis according to standard protocols [Holm-Hansen et al., 1965; Evans et al., 1987]. Ice samples were melted either directly or in filtered sea water, which does not yield significant differences in chlorophyll-a concentration [Dieckmann et al., 1998]. The dataset consists of 888 geo-referenced ice cores, consisting of 5718 individual ice core sections, and including 404 full vertical profiles with a minimum of three sections. Samples/sections from the remaining cores represent: i) bottom 0.05 m only (n= 32), ii) bottom 0.1 m only (n = 301), complete cores (n = 66), as well as intermittent profiles (n = 85) with at least 3 sections but gaps in-between them. For questions about this dataset please contact: Klaus Meiners and Martin Vancoppenolle This data compilation was carried out under the auspices of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research - ASPeCt program and the Scientific Committee on Ocean Research (SCOR) working group on Biogeochemical Exchange Processes at the Sea-Ice Interfaces (WG-140). It also contributes to SCOR WG-152 on Measuring Essential Climate Variables in Sea Ice (ECV-Ice). An update to this dataset was submitted in September, 2018.

These data describe pack ice characteristics in the Antarctic sea ice zone. These data are in the ASPeCt format. National program: United States Vessel: Nathaniel B. Palmer Dates in ice: 1 Sept 2007 - 31 Oct 2007 Observers: Penelope Wagner, John Pena, Sarah Anderson and others. Summary of voyage track: 06/09 3 GMT first record of ice edge at approx. 63 degrees 22 S, and 68 degrees 25 W toward Palmer Station, Antarctica in the Amundsen Sea due to electrical fire that began in Drake's Passage en route to the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica. 19 GMT arrived at NBP at Palmer Station, Antarctica at 64 degrees 46S and 64 degrees 04W to respond to safety protocol with NSF and Raytheon. 08/09 18:30 GMT depart Palmer Station toward Punta Arenas, Chile port. 09/09 22 GMT reach ice edge toward Chile. 24/09 17 GMT first record of ice edge at approx. 66 degrees 47S and 89 degrees 05W toward ice station Belgica in Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica. 27/09 23GMT NBP parked at approximately 70 degrees 41S and 90 degrees 58W at Ice Station Belgica to perform 4 week station work. 24/10 10:30 GMT depart Ice Station Belgica toward Punta Arenas, Chile 27/10 8GMT reached ice edge. Total observations: 192 The fields in this dataset are: SEA ICE CONCENTRATION SEA ICE FLOE SIZE SEA ICE SNOW COVER SEA ICE THICKNESS SEA ICE TOPOGRAPHY SEA ICE TYPE RECORD DATE TIME LATITUDE LONGITUDE OPEN WATER TRACK SNOW THICKNESS SNOW TYPE SEA TEMPERATURE AIR TEMPERATURE WIND VELOCITY WIND DIRECTION FILM COUNTER FRAME COUNTER FOR FILM VIDEO RECORDER COUNTER HH:MM:SS VISIBILITY CODE CLOUD IN OKTAS WEATHER CODE COMMENTS

This dataset contains observations of ice conditions taken from the bridge of the RV Aurora Australis during SIPEX 2012, following the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research/CliC Antarctic Sea Ice Processes and Climate [ASPeCt] protocols. See aspect.antarctica.gov.au Observations include total and partial concentration, ice type, thickness, floe size, topography, and snow cover in each of three primary ice categories; open water characteristics, and weather summary. The dataset is comprised of the scanned pages of a single logbook, which holds hourly observations taken by observers while the ship was moving through sea-ice zone. The following persons assisted in the collection of these data: Dr R. Massom, AAD, Member of observation team Mr A. Steer, AAD, Member of observation team Prof S. Warren, UW(Seattle), USA, Member of observation team Dr J. Hutchings, IARC, UAF, USA, Member of observation team Dr T. Toyota, Inst Low Temp Science, Japan, Member of observation team Dr T. Tamura, NIPR, Japan, Member of EM observation team Dr G. Dieckmann, AWI, Germany, Member of observation team Dr E. Maksym, WHOI, USA, Member of observation team Mr R. Stevens, IMAS, Trainee on observation team Dr J. Melbourne-Thomas, ACE CRC, Trainee on observation team Dr A. Giles, ACE CRC, Trainee on observation team Ms M. Zhia, IMAS, Trainee on observation team Ms J. Jansens, IMAS, Trainee on observation team Mr R. Humphries, Univ Wollengong, Trainee on observation team Mr C. Sampson, Univ Utah, USA, Trainee on observation team Mr Olivier Lecomte, Univ Catholique, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, Trainee on observation team Mr D. Lubbers, Univ Utah, USA, Trainee on observation team Ms M. Zatko, UW(Seattle), USA, Trainee on observation team Ms C. Gionfriddo, Uni Melbourne, Trainee on observation team Mr K. Nakata, EES, Japan, Trainee on observation team

The Antarctic Sea ice Processes and Climate [ASPeCt] data sets submitted here have been collected systematically from the bridge of an icebreaker, while it transited through the pack ice. Quantifiable observations of sea ice thickness and related characteristics of the sea ice, snow, ocean and surface atmosphere are recorded hourly while the vessel moves through the sea ice. If the vessel is stopped or has not moved at least 6nm since the previous observation, no observation will be conducted. The observation protocol has been endorsed by the Scientific Commission for Antarctic Research (under their ASPeCt programme) as the preferred method for conducting ship-based observations of sea-ice characteristics. Details can be found in Worby and Allison [1999] The spreadsheet information below is also included in the word document in the download file. The relevant spreadsheets (xls files) contain the following information: Header name Physical parameter Unit Year Year Date Day/Month/Year Julian Day Day of year Time (UT) Time of day in Universal time: Hours/Minutes/Seconds Lat (oN) Latitude oN Lon(oE) oE Conc Total ice concentration Tenth OW Open-water classification See Worby and Allison [1999] c1 Ice concentration of primary ice category Tenth ty1 Ice type of primary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] iz1 Thickness of primary ice category cm f1 Floe size of primary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] t1 Topography of primary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] s1 Snow type on primary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] sz1 Snow thickness on primary ice category cm c2 Ice concentration of secondary ice category Tenth ty2 Ice type of secondary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] iz2 Thickness of secondary ice category cm f2 Floe size of secondary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] t2 Topography of secondary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] s2 Snow type on secondary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] sz2 Snow thickness on secondary ice category cm c3 Ice concentration of tertiary ice category Tenth ty3 Ice type of tertiary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] iz3 Thickness of tertiary ice category cm f3 Floe size of tertiary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] t3 Topography of tertiary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] s3 Snow type on tertiary ice category See Worby and Allison [1999] sz3 Snow thickness on tertiary ice category cm Sea Sea-surface temperature oC Air Surface-air temperature oC

Very little information is available on the geomorphology of areas surrounding Australian Antarctic stations. This type of information is generally collected during geological surveys. This metadata record gathers a range of descriptive geomorphological information of various nature: -Habitat surveys were conducted in the season 2002-2003 in the Windmill Islands in parallel with bird nest mapping (reported in metadata record BIRDSCASEY0203) in order to study selection of nest sites by a range of species. Habitat was described in the survey sites searched for bird nests following various methods (described in BIRDSCASEY0203). Information is stored as GIS files (Arcview 3.2) -polygon shapefile gathering all the geomorphological units. -line shapefile describing habitat along transects used for searching bird nests -polygon shapefile describing habitat in small 25*25m quadrats used for searching bird nests -A collection of 1309 digital photos showing the sites searched for bird nests indexed by grid site number. Plus another set of 194 photos showing region of the Windmill Islands or bird nests more in detail -A set of Digital Elevation Models (DEM) covering the entire Windmill Islands area generated separately for 18 regions. -200m*200m grid created from the coverage of ice-free areas (Aerial photography 93-94) providing site numbers for the photographic database -A series of Black and White aerial Photos (500 m, Zeiss, 1994) scanned at high resolution for the purpose of substrate study. See the word document in the file download for more information. This work has been completed as part of ASAC project 1219 (ASAC_1219). The fields in this dataset are: Date Boulderbig Bouldsmall Baresubst Morsed Scree Snowcover Permice Slope Aspect Photonumber Sitedotid Comments

Very little information is known about the distribution and abundance of snow petrels at the regional scale. This dataset contains locations of bird nests, mostly snow petrels, mapped in the Windmill Islands during the 2002-2003 season. Location of nests were recorded with handheld GPS receivers connected to a pocket PC and stored as a shapefile using Arcpad (ESRI software). Descriptive information relating to each bird nest was recorded and a detailed description of data fields is provided in the detailed description of the shapefiles. Two observers conducted the surveys using distinct methodologies, Frederique Olivier (FO) and Drew Lee (DL). Three separate nest location files (ArcView point shapefiles) were produced and correspond to each of the survey methodologies used. Methodology 1 was the use of 200*200 m grid squares in which exhaustive searches were conducted (FO). Methodology 2 was the use of 2 transects within each the 200*200 m grid squares; methodology 3 was the use of 4 small quadrats (ca 25 m) located within the 200*200m grid squares (DL). Nests mapped in a non-systematic manner (not following a specific methodology) are clearly identified within each dataset. Datasets were kept separate due to the uncertainties caused by GPS errors (the same nest may have different locations due to GPS error). Three separate shapefiles describe survey methodologies: - one polygon shapefile locates the 200*200 grid sites searched systematically (FO) - one polygon shapefile locates the small quadrats (DL) - one line shapefile locates line transects (DL) Spatial characteristics, date of survey, search effort, number of nests found and other parameters are recorded for the grid sites, transect and quadrats. See the word document in the file download for more information. This work has been completed as part of ASAC project 1219 (ASAC_1219). The fields in this dataset are: Species Activity Type Entrances Slope Remnants Latitude Longitude Date Snow Eggchick Cavitysize Cavitydepth Distnn Substrate Comments SitedotID Aspect Firstfred Systematic/Edge/Incidental RecordCode The full dataset, including a word document providing further information about the dataset, is publicly available for download from the provided URL. Also available for download from another URL is polygon data representing flying bird nesting areas. The polygon data was derived from the flying bird nest locations by the Australian Antarctic Data Centre for displaying on maps.