Update - 2013-11-14 - data from the cruise now included in the download file. Two extra excel spreadsheets have been added to the download file - one is a summary file, and the other contains pigment data. Sampling sites with a list of activities at each site for the HIPPIES cruise of the Aurora Australis - December to January 2003-2004. Aurora V4 Tube Labelour use Sample#our use Date(UTC) Time(UTC)Shorthand entry code - ignore Time(UTC)Formatted Use this Long Degdegrees Long Minminutes Long Decdecimaldegrees Lat Degdegrees Lat Minminutes LatDecdecimaldegrees Local time (dec hrs)actual solar local time (decimal hours) calc from longitude DOES NOT EQUAL TIME ZONE Sea Temp Ice present/absent Lugol's#microscope sample number for phytoplankton ID (Our use only) HPLC Volvolume filtered for HPLC pigment analysis (Our use only) Cocco Volvolume filtered for coccolithophorid counts (Our use only) Cocco tray No.(Our use only) Location:DCM: Deep chlorophyll maximum Thermo: Thermocline

Sampling sites with a list of activities at each site for the Tangaroa cruise - March to April 2004. Tangaroa Tube Label our use Sample#our use Date(UTC) Time(UTC)Shorthand entry code - ignore Time(UTC)Formatted Use this Long Degdegrees Long Minminutes Long Decdecimaldegrees Lat Degdegrees Lat Minminutes Lat Decdecimaldegrees Local time (dec hrs)actual solar local time (decimal hours) calc from longitude DOES NOT EQUAL TIME ZONE Sea Temp Ice present/absent Lugol's#microscope sample number for phytoplankton ID (Our use only) HPLC Volvolume filtered for HPLC pigment analysis (Our use only) Cocco Volvolume filtered for coccolithophorid counts (Our use only) Cocco tray No.(Our use only) Location:DCM: Deep chlorophyll maximum Thermo: Thermocline

The variation in the phytoplankton biomass over a decadal time scale, and its relationship with the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) and climate change, has been poorly interpreted because of the limited satellite chlorophylla (chl a) data compared with the physical parameters from satellite. We analysed a long-term chl a dataset along the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE) cruise tracks since 1965 to investigate inter-annual variation of phytoplankton biomass. In the Southern Ocean, increasing trends of chl a and the spreading of higher chl a area to the north with 3-7 year cycles were found. Although relationships between the decadal change in chl a and climate change such as variation of sea ice extent and the El Nino are still obscure, large variation of primary production in proportion to the chl a is implied. The chl a concentration of sea surface water has been measured routinely on board the icebreakers Fuji and Shirase during almost every cruise of the JARE. The download file contains chlorophyll a data collected from ship tracks on JARE voyages between 1965 and 2002. The field in this dataset are: Date (local time) Year Latitude Longitude Corrected Chlorophyll a See the attached paper for more details. The publications on the data collected during the 1965-1976 and 1988-1993 cruises are listed in Fukuchi [1980] and Suzuki and Fukuchi [1997], respectively. For data on the 1977-1985 and 1994-1997 cruises, see [Kanda and Fukuchi, 1979; Fukuchi and Tamura, 1982; Tanimura, 1981; Watanabe and Nakajima, 1983; Ino and Fukuchi, 1984; Sasaki, 1984; Hamada et al., 1985; Fukuda et al., 1986; Hattori and Fukuchi, 1988; Midorikawa et al., 2000]. Data post 1998-2002 cruises is in Hirawake and Fukuchi [2004]. Data from the 1986-1987 will be published in the JARE data report of digital media, including all cruise data. Auxiliary Material for paper 2004GL021394 Long-term variation of surface phytoplankton chlorophyll a in the Southern Ocean during 1965-2002. Toru Hirawake, Tsuneo Odate and Mitsuo Fukuchi (National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo) Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol (Num), doi:10.1029/2004GL021394 All of the chl a data have been reported in the publications of the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR).

Peter Sedwick collected water column samples (6 depths, less than 350m) and measured dissolved iron in these samples, using specialised trace-metal clean techniques, at 9 stations along the SR3 transect between 47 deg S and 66 deg S. These are the first such data for this oceanographic sector during spring. The dissolved iron levels were generally very low (less than 0.2 nM nM) in the upper water column, particularly south of the Subantarctic Front, and surprisingly there was no evidence of significant iron inputs from melting sea ice in our study region. Ongoing work quantified various size fractions of dissolved iron as well as total acid soluble iron. In addition, Jack DiTullio collected water samples for measurements of five biogenic sulfur pools at most shallow water CTD casts. The sulfur pools measured include: dimethylsulfide (DMS), particulate and dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and particulate and dissolved pools of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). Taken from the referenced paper: A shipboard-deployable, flow-injection (FI) based instrument for monitoring iron(II) in surface marine waters is described. It incorporates a miniature, low-power photoncounting head for measuring the light emitted from the iron-(II)-catalyzed chemiluminescence (CL) luminol reaction. System control, signal acquisition, and data processing are performed in a graphical programming environment. The limit of detection for iron(II) is in the range 8-12 pmol L-1(based on 3s of the blank), and the precision over the range 8-1000 pmol L-1 varies between 0.9 and 7.6% (n )4). Results from a day-night deployment during a north to-south transect of the Atlantic Ocean and a daytime transect in the Sub-Antarctic Front are presented together with ancillary temperature, salinity, and irradiance data. The generic nature of the components used to assemble the instrument make the technology readily transferable to other laboratories and the modular construction makes it easy to adapt the system for use with other CL chemistries.

Locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 4 of the Aurora Australis in the 2009/2010 season. Samples were collected during March of 2010. The final dataset will contain information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Public Summary from the project: This program ... aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). The fields in this dataset are: Tube Label Date (UTC) Time (UTC) Latitude Longitude Sea Temperature Ice (Presence or Absence) Lugols Bottle Fluorometer

From the abstract of one of the papers: Phytoplankton biomass and speciation were monitored at an inshore site near Davis Station, East Antarctica during three consecutive summer seasons (December-February, 1992-5). Four distinct phytoplankton assemblages were identified in which the dominant species were: Phaeocystis sp., an undescribed Cryptomonas species, Thalassiosira dichotomica, and a mixed assemblage containing Fragilariopsis spp. and Nitzschia spp. Little interannual consistency was found in either the timing of the appearance or disappearance of the various assemblages. Similarly, the seasonal trends in biomass varied dramatically from year to year. Variations in the phytoplankton community can be ascribed, to some extent, to the random variation in a number of factors, including the date of fast ice break out, water column stratification, temperature and salinity, zooplankton grazing and strong winds. Periods of strong wind result in the introduction of offshore or deeper water masses into the shallow inshore environment, where the physical and chemical conditions allow blooms to develop. A number of the papers listed in the reference section are available as pdf's in the download section.

Locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 3 of the Aurora Australis in the 2006/2007 season. Samples were collected during January and February of 2007. The final dataset will contain information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Public Summary from the project: This program ... aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). The fields in this dataset are: Tube Label Date (UTC) Time (UTC) Latitude Longitude Sea Temperature Ice (Presence or Absence) Lugols Bottle Fluorometer

From the abstract of the referenced paper: Spring phytoplankton communities in the water column of Ellis Fjord are characterised by diatoms originating from the bottom sea-ice strand community. Upon ice break-out in early summer, these are replaced by blooms of the phytoflagellates, Phaeocystis puchetii, Cryptomonas cryophila, Pyramimonas gelidicola, silicoflagellates and dinoflagellates. The narrow entrance of the fjord and the development of summer stratification is probably limiting the availability of nutrients and containing the magnitude of the small bloom (maximum 2.8 million cells per litre).