Dataset contains CHEMTAX, Chlorophyll a and pigment data collected for ASAC project 40 on voyage 4 of the Aurora Australis in the 2011/2012 season. Samples were collected between February and March of 2012. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40).

This dataset contains locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 3 of the Aurora Australis in the 2004/2005 season. Samples were collected between December and February of 2004/2005. It also contains information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). There are three spreadsheets in this download file - one for the CLIVAR I9 transect, and another for a survey in the region of the Princess Elizabeth Trough. A third spreadsheet contains pigment data. Each spreadsheet contains several worksheets. PET - CTD Station details, CTD profiles, CTD Surface Samples. I9 - CTD Station details, CTD profiles, CTD Surface Samples, Transect Surface Samples. CLIVAR_CTD_Pigs_CHEMTAX - Pigment data: Concentrations of various pigments (ug/L) analysed by HPLC (see protocol); Interpretation: Interpretation of pigment data using CHEMTAX to estimate the amount (ug/L) of chlorophyll a present in a range of algal types. There is also a word document detailing some of the HPLC procedures used. The fields in this dataset are: Station Latitude Longitude Time (Universal Time) Sounder depth Sounder offset Bottles Depths (dB) Label Fmax Tmin HPLC Fluorescence FCM Visc/TEP Phyto ID Lugols Glut Bacteria Water Temperature Salinity Conductivity Net Sample Depth (m) Species Chlorophyll a Pigments HPLC

Locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 3 of the Aurora Australis in the 2007/2008 season (the CEAMARC voyage). Samples were collected between December 2007 and January of 2008. The final dataset will contain information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). The fields in this dataset are: Tube Label Date (UTC) Time (UTC) Depth Latitude Longitude Sea Temperature Ice (Presence or Absence - 1 or 0) Lugols HPLC Flurometer - Chlorophyll a Cocco Sample Flow rate Comments

Locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 1 of the Aurora Australis in the 2007/2008 season. Samples were collected between September and October of 2007. The final dataset will contain information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). The fields in this dataset are: Tube Label Date (UTC) Time (UTC) Latitude Longitude Sea Temperature Ice (Presence or Absence - 1 or 0) Lugols HPLC Plankton Net Sample Flurometer - Chlorophyll a

Dataset includes locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 6 of the Aurora Australis in the 2007/2008 season. Samples were collected between March and April of 2008. The dataset also contains information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Four datasets are currently included in this download - a CTD filtration log, an HPLC filtration log, a CHEMTAX file and a Pigments file. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). The fields in this dataset are: HPLC Dataset Tube Label Date (UTC) Time (UTC) Latitude Longitude Sea Temperature Ice (Presence or Absence - 1 or 0) Lugols HPLC Flurometer - Chlorophyll a Comments CTD Dataset Tube label Station Number CTD Number Niskin Bottle Number Depth (m) Date (UT) Start time (UT) Stop time (UT) Latitude Longitude Lugol's Number HPLC Volume (ml) Temperature (degrees C) Comment

This dataset contains locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 1 of the Aurora Australis in the 2004/2005 season. Samples were collected between October and November of 2004. It also contains information on chlorophyll, carotenoids, coccolithophorids and species identification and counts. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). The fields in this dataset are: Tube Label Date (UTC) Time (UTC) Time (Local) Latitude Longitude Sea Temperature Ice (Presence or Absence - 1 or 0) Lugols HPLC Plankton Net Sample Flow Chlorophyll a

Dataset contains chlorophyll a data collected for ASAC project 40 on voyage "VMS" of the Aurora Australis in the 2010/2011 season. Samples were collected between January and February of 2011. Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40).

Locations of sampling sites for ASAC project 40 on voyage 3 of the Aurora Australis in the 2005/2006 season (the BROKE-West voyage). Samples were collected between January and March of 2008. Three datasets are currently included in this download - an excel spreadsheet and a draft publication providing details on the methodology, etc employed, as well as two copies of corrected fluoro data for BROKE-West (BW_UwayFLuChla - in excel and csv formats). Public Summary from the project: This program aims to determine the role of single celled plants, animals, bacteria and viruses in Antarctic waters. We quantify their vital role as food for other organisms, their potential influence in moderating global climate change through absorption of CO2 and production of DMS, and determine their response to effect of climate change. For more information, see the other metadata records related to ASAC project 40 (ASAC_40). ###### Taken from the abstract of the draft paper: The geographic distribution, stocks and vertical profiles of phytoplankton of the seasonal ice zone off east Antarctica were determined during the 2005-2006 austral summer as part of the Baseline Research on Oceanography, Krill and the Environment-West (BROKE-West) survey. CHEMTAX analysis of HPLC pigment samples, coupled with microscopy, permitted a detailed survey along eight transects covering an extensive area between 30 degrees E and 80 degrees E, from 62 degrees S to the fast ice. Significant differences were found in the composition and stocks of populations separated by the Southern Boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (SB), as well as a small influence of the Weddell Gyre in the western sector of the zone south of the SB (SACCZ). Within the SACCZ, we identified a primary bloom under the ice, a secondary bloom near the ice edge, and an open ocean deep population. The similarity of distribution patterns across all transects allowed us to generalise a hypothesized sequence for the season. The primary bloom was initiated by release of cells and detritus from melting sea ice, some 35 days before ice melting, with stocks of Chl a ranging from 115-239 mg.m-2, apart one leg (41 mg.m-2), which was sampled late in the season. The bloom was dominated by haptophytes (in particular, colonies and gametes of Phaeocystis antarctica), diatoms and cryptophytes (or Myrionecta rubrum). The detrital material quickly sank from the upper water column, but the bloom of diatoms and, to a lesser extent cryptophytes, continued until 20 days after ice melt. Average Chl a stocks during this bloom ranged from 56-92 mg.m-2 between transects. A bloom of Phaeocystis gametes immediately after ice melt lasted for about 10 days. Grazing activity, as indicated by phaeophytin a, also increased at the same time. The diatom bloom became senescent, probably as a result of iron exhaustion, as indicated by chlorophyllides, which reached 45% of total Chl a. The bloom then rapidly declined, apparently due to grazing krill. Well-defined 'holes' in the chlorophyll distribution of most suggested that the krill were moving southward following the retreating sea ice and clearing the ice edge bloom. There was no evidence that blooms had been terminated by sinking or by vertical mixing. It appears that grazing of the bloom and export of cellular material as faecal pellets stripped the upper water column of iron, preventing its normal recycling via the microbial network. Thus, export of iron by grazing, and possibly sedimentation, created a southward migrating iron front, limiting growth in the upper water column. North of the iron front, a recycling nanoflagellate community developed at depth, sustained by residual iron, as indicated by a close correspondence between distributions of Chl a and profiles of Fv/Fm. Its depth was independent of the mixed layer and the pycnoclines. This community consisted of haptophytes (chiefly Phaeocystis gametes), dinoflagellates, prasinophytes, cryptophytes, and some small diatoms. The community may have derived from, and was possibly sustained by, selective grazing by krill. Average stocks of Chl a ranged from 36-49 mg.m-2 between transects. North of the SB, communities were found in the mixed layer, although they still had low Fv/Fm ratios. Populations were dominated by Phaeocystis gametes (with colonies north of the southern ACC front), diatoms such as Pseudonitzschia sp., Fragilariopsis pseudonana, F. kerguelensis, F. curta, and Gymnodinium sp. Average stocks of Chl a ranged from 40-67 mg.m-2 between transects.These appeared to be recycling communities that had been advected into the BROKE-West study region. These interpretations provide a cogent explanation for the composition and structure of microbial populations in the marginal ice zone during the latter half of the summer. ###### The fields in this dataset are: Peak Pigment name Retention times Visible maxima Comments Leg Zone Latitude Longitude CTD Julian Day Date Ice free days Pigment concentrations Protists

Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 2720 See the link below for public details on this project. The overall objective is to characterize Southern Ocean marine ecosystems, their influence on carbon dioxide exchange with the atmosphere and the deep ocean, and their sensitivity to past and future global change including climate warming, ocean stratification, and ocean acidification from anthropogenic CO2 emissions. In particular we plan to take advantage of naturally-occurring, persistent, zonal variations in Southern Ocean primary production and biomass in the Australian Sector to investigate the effects of iron addition from natural sources, and CO2 addition from anthropogenic sources, on Southern Ocean plankton communities of differing initial structure and composition. These samples were collected on the SAZ-SENSE scientific voyage of the Australian Antarctic Program (Voyage 3 of the Aurora Australis, 2006-2007 season). SAZ-SENSE is a study of the sensitivity of Sub-Antarctic Zone waters to global change. A 32-day oceanographic voyage onboard Australia's ice-breaker Aurora Australis was undertaken in mid-summer (Jan 17 - Feb. 20) 2007 to examine microbial ecosystem structure and biogeochemical processes in SAZ waters west and east of Tasmania, and also in the Polar Frontal Zone south of the SAZ. The voyage brought together research teams from Australasia, Europe, and North America, and was led by the ACE CRC, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, and the Australian Antarctic Division. The overall goal is to understand the controls on Sub-Antarctic Zone productivity and carbon cycling, and to assess their sensitivity to climate change. The strategy is to compare low productivity waters west of Tasmania (areas with little phytoplankton) with higher productivity waters to the east, with a focus on the role of iron as a limiting micro-nutrient. The study also seeks to examine the effect of rising CO2 levels on phytoplankton - both via regional intercomparisons and incubation experiments. The data described in this metadata record are for seawater samples collected for HPLC pigments, microscopy and flow cytometry. Samples were collected either by Niskin Bottles (on a CTD), from the ocean surface with a bucket, or via a clean seawater line (at a depth of 7 metres), directly into the onboard laboratories. Samples for microscopy were examined either with an electron microscope, or a light microscope (lugol samples). The data are presented in an excel spreadsheet, available for download at the URL given below. The 'Notes' worksheet provides further information about the data contained in the spreadsheet, including a description of column headings, units used, etc. The fields used in this dataset are: Tube Label Site CTD Niskin bottle Depth (m) Date (UT) Start Time (UT) Stop Time (UT) Latitude Longitude Lugols Glutaraldehyde fixed samples Flow Coccolithophorids Volume HPLC Volume Turner Fluorometer reading (PAR) Photosynthetically Active Radiation Temperature (degrees C) Comment