TemperateReefBase Geonetwork Catalogue
Diet and Feeding Ecology of Emperor Penguins
Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 419
See the link below for public details on this project.
From the abstracts of some of the referenced papers:
The population size and breeding success of Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) at the Auster and Taylor Glacier colonies were estimated during the 1988 breeding season. At Auster a total of 10963 pairs produced about 6350 fledglings for a breeding success of 58%. At Taylor Glacier about 2900 pairs raised 1774 fledglings for a breeding success of 61%. Fledglings left Taylor Glacier over a period of 33 days at a mean mass of 10.56kg.
The accuracy of the tritiated water (HTO) and sodium-22 (22Na) turnover methods as estimators of dietary water and sodium intake was evaluated in emperor penguins fed separate diets of squid and fish. Emperor penguins assimilated 76.2% and 81.8% of available energy in the squid and fish diets, respectively. Both isotopes had equilibrated with body water and exchangeable sodium pools by 2h after intramuscular injection. The tritium method yielded reliable results after blood isotope levels had declined by 35%. On average the tritium method underestimated water intake by 2.9%, with a range of -10.3% to +11.1%. The 22Na method underestimated Na intake on average by 15.9% with the errors among individuals ranging from -37.2% to -1.8%. Discrepancies with 22Na turnover were significantly greater with the squid diet than the fish diet. The results confirm the reliability of the tritium method as an estimator of food consumption by free-living emperor penguins (provided seawater and freshwater ingestion is known) and support the adoption of the 22Na method to derive an approximation of seawater of seawater intake by tritiated emperor penguin chicks and by tritiated adults on foraging trips of short duration.
The diet composition of Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri chicks was examined at Auster and Taylor Glacier colonies, near Australia's Mawson station, Antarctica, between hatching in mid-winter and fledging in mid-summer by 'water-offloading' adults. Chicks at both colonies were fed a similar suite of prey species. Crustaceans occurred in 82% of stomach samples at Auster and 87% of stomachs at Taylor Glacier and were heavily digested; their contribution to food mass could not be quantified. Fish, primarily bentho-pelagic species, accounted for 52% by number and 55% by mass of chick diet at Auster, and squid formed the remainder. At Taylor Glacier the corresponding values were 27% by number and 31% by mass of fish and 73% by number and 69% by mass of squid. of the 33 species or taxa identified, the fish Trematous eulepidotus and the squid Psychroteuthis glacialis and Alluroteuthis antarcticus accounted for 64% and 74% of the diets by mass at Auster and Taylor Glacier, res pectively. The sizes of fish varied temporally but not in a linear manner from winter to summer. Adult penguins captured fish ranging in length from 60 mm (Pleuragramma antarcticum) to 250 mm (T. eulepidotus) and squid (P. glacialis) from 19 to 280 mm in mantle length. The length-frequency distribution of P. glacialis showed seasonal variation, with the size of squid increasing from winter to summer. The energy density of chick diet mix increased significantly prior to 'fledging'.
Simple
Identification info
- Alternate title
- Diet and Feeding Ecology of Emperor Penguins
- Date (Publication)
- 2000-07-28
- Edition
- 1
Originator
Publisher
Principal investigator
Principal investigator
Collaborator
Collaborator
- Name
- CAASM Metadata
- Other citation details
- Restricted access
- Status
- Completed
Custodian
- Topic category
-
- Biota
- Oceans
Extent
))
Extent
- Description
- Temporal Coverage
Temporal extent
- TimePeriod
- 1988-05-01 1989-01-13
Extent
- Description
- Temporal Coverage
Temporal extent
- TimePeriod
- 1989-07-04 1989-07-04
Extent
- Description
- Temporal Coverage
Temporal extent
- TimePeriod
- 1989-11-23 1989-11-23
Extent
- Description
- Temporal Coverage
Temporal extent
- TimePeriod
- 1990-06-26 1990-06-26
- Title
- Population size and breeding success of emperor penguins Aptenodytes forsteri at Auster and Taylor Glacier colonies, Mawson coast, Antarctica.
- Date (Publication)
- 1992
- Citation identifier
- 92
Author
- Name
- The Emu
- Page
- 65-71
- Title
- Efficacy of the tritiated water and 22Na turnover methods in estimating food and energy intake by emperor penguins Aptenodytes forsteri.
- Date (Publication)
- 1992
- Citation identifier
- 65
Author
- Name
- Physiological Zoology
- Issue identification
- 5
- Page
- 933-951
- Title
- Diet composition of emperor penguin chicks Aptenodytes forsteri at two Mawson Coast colonies, Antarctica.
- Date (Publication)
- 1994
- Citation identifier
- 136
Author
- Name
- Ibis
- Page
- 19-31
- Title
- Manchot Empereor: une enfance au Refrigerateur.
- Date (Publication)
- 1989
- Citation identifier
- 35
Author
- Name
- Terre Sauvage
- Page
- 48
- Title
- Emperors of the ice.
- Date (Publication)
- 1990
- Citation identifier
- 208
Author
- Name
- Anima
- Page
- 67
- Title
- Huddles
- Date (Publication)
- 1990
Author
- Name
- Australian Geographic
- Page
- 74-97
- Other citation details
- Oct-Dec
- NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
-
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > BIRDS
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION > ANIMALS/VERTEBRATES > BIRDS > PENGUINS
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > SPECIES PREDATION
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > POST-BREEDING PERIODS
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > USE/FEEDING HABITATS
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > POPULATION DYNAMICS
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > SPECIES/POPULATION INTERACTIONS > SURVIVAL RATES
- EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS > ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS > FOOD-WEB DYNAMICS
- Keywords
-
- Aptenodytes forsteri
- Emperor Penguin
- diet
- breeding success
- NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
-
- GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS
- FIELD INVESTIGATION
- NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
-
- AMD/AU
- CEOS
- AMD
- NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords
-
- CONTINENT > ANTARCTICA
- GEOGRAPHIC REGION > POLAR
Resource constraints
- Use limitation
- This metadata record is publicly available.
Resource constraints
- Access constraints
- licence
- Other constraints
- PDF copies of the referenced papers are available for download from the provided URL to AAD staff only.
Resource constraints
- File type
- Portable Network Graphic
- Title
- Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
- Website
-
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Legal code for Creative Commons by Attribution 4.0 International license
- Use constraints
- licence
- Other constraints
- This data set conforms to the CCBY Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Please follow instructions listed in the citation reference provided at http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/metadata/citation.cfm?entry_id=ASAC_419 when using these data.
- Language
- English
- Character encoding
- UTF8
Distribution Information
Distributor
Distributor
Distributor
- Fees
- free
- Units of distribution
- MB
- Transfer size
- 4.9
- Distribution format
-
- OnLine resource
-
PROJECT HOME PAGE
Public information for ASAC project 419
- OnLine resource
-
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Download point for the data - pdf copies of referenced papers
- OnLine resource
-
VIEW RELATED INFORMATION
Citation reference for this metadata record and dataset
Resource lineage
- Statement
- Values provided in temporal and spatial coverage are approximate only. See the referenced papers for further information. This record has been updated by staff at the Australian Antarctic Data Centre (rather than the listed investigator), and therefore it's accuracy and quality cannot be guaranteed.
- Hierarchy level
- Dataset
- Maintenance and update frequency
- As needed
- Maintenance note
- 2007-10-18 - Record updated by Dave Connell from referenced papers. 2010-07-22 - record updated by Dave Connell to change URL Content Type. 2016-10-26 - record updated by Dave Connell - basic updates.
Metadata
- Metadata identifier
- string/ASAC_419
- Language
- English
- Character encoding
- UTF8
Author
Sponsor
Owner
Type of resource
- Resource scope
- Dataset
Alternative metadata reference
- Title
- gov.nasa.gsfc.gcmd
- Citation identifier
- 63f85ec2-b65c-450a-b84e-c27db6103988
Alternative metadata reference
- Title
- gov.nasa.gsfc.gcmd
- Date (Last Revision)
- 2015-11-29T18:44:43
Identifier
- Description
- metadata.extraction_date
Alternative metadata reference
- Title
- gov.nasa.gsfc.gcmd
- Citation identifier
- 8.6
- Metadata linkage
-
http://data.aad.gov.au/metadata/records/ASAC_419
Point of truth for the metadata record
- Date info (Creation)
- 2000-07-28T00:00:00
- Date info (Last Update)
- 2017-04-26
Metadata standard
- Title
- ISO 19115-3
- Edition
- 2014
- Other citation details
- Version 1
- Title
- DIF to ISO 19115-1 Profile
Overviews
Spatial extent
Provided by
